Uses of Single Cell Protein Advantages Disadvantages

 The USE OF BIOMASS TO PRODUCE SINGLE-CELL PROTEIN is a very helpful and advanced research-based article. Uses of single-cell protein will be a need of the coming generation. because the food resources are declining day by day due to the population explosion.

 

Definition Of Single Cell Protein

Whole-cell  provide nutritional value called single-cell protein

• It is also called SCP
• It refers to the edible unicellular organism
• Biomass refers to the total quantity or weight of an organism in a given area or volume
• Biomass is found enormously and approximately contain 3 and 10 raised to the power of 21 joules of energy

Benefits and Advantageous characters

If biomass is used  then it will

• Help to  dispose of waste
• products
• To overcome an environmental problem
• Help to activate the shortage of food and animal feed
• Alternate Definition with respect to usage
• Single-cell protein is dried off cells of microorganisms which are used as a food supplement
• Food supplements for animals as well as human
• Single-cell protein is also called Novel protein or mini food

• HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF SINGLE CELL PROTEIN

• Decantation (removal of a cell from fermenter)
• Post harvesting through
  Centrifugation
  Washing
  Drying
  The indigestible cell wall is removed by
  • Crushing
  • Crumbing
  • Grinding
  • Pressure
  By chemical means using
  Fermentation
  Harvesting of protein
  Treatment processing after harvesting
  Homogenization
  Bacteria are cultivated on the residue of all organic waste
  Bacteria may also be cultivated on gas like methane, methanol etc.

  MICROORGANISMS USED FOR THE SCP

  FUNGI

  • Aspergillus fumigates
  • Aspergillus niger
  • Rhizopus cyclopium
  YEAST
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  • Candida tropicalis
  • Candida utilis

  ALGAE

  • Spirulina species
  • Chlorella pyrenoidosa
  • Chondrus crispus
  BACTERIA

  • Lactobacillus
  • Bacillus megaterium
  FACTOR INFLUENCED ON RATE OF BIOMASS
  Agitation(the act of stirring up things)

   FACTOR AFFECTING ON

  SCP YIELD

  HARVESTING AND POST-HARVESTING PROCESSINGIndustrial waste
   
  Gas, like methane
   
  Sewage waste
   
  Algae are cultivated on sewage
  Microorganisms are required 
  like algae, fungi, bacteria for the reaction

  Organic matter is required as a raw material.

  It may be
  Yeasts are cultivated on Agri industrial waste

By physical means using

• Freezing
• Osmotic shock
• Heating
• Drying

The nucleic acid may be carcinogenic and is removed by using the nucleases enzyme

ADVANTAGES OF SINGLE CELL PROTEIN

• The raw material is used which is easily and abundantly available
• In this way, pollution is also controlled
• Low area required
• Independent of seasonal variation
• More yield 43—85% dry mass
• 50kg of yeast produces 250 tonnes of protein in 24 hours
• Algae grown in ponds produce 20 tons dry weight of the protein which is 10-15 times than soya bean
• And 20-50 times higher than soybean
• Rich in nutritional value containing almost all essential amino acids
• Rich with vitamins

DISADVANTAGES OF SINGLE CELL PROTEIN

• The high content of nucleic acid lead to an elevated level of uric acid
• Kidney stones and gout may occur if used in a high amount
• Secondary toxic metabolites
• Poor digestibility
• Stimulation of gastrointestinal diseases
• Hypersensitivity skin reaction

APPLICATIONS OF SCP

• As protein supplement food, vitamins amino acid, minerals for undernourished children
• As healthy food control obesity, provide energy e.g spirulina
• In therapeutic and natural medicine reduce body weight, cholesterol, stress and sugar level
• In cosmetics maintaining healthy hair and used in many herbal beauty products
• Biolipstick and herbal face cream
• Poultry and cattle food fishes etc

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  METHODS TO MANAGE SHARPS AND SPONGE

  It has been part of our food since earlier times
  • Its old name was microbial protein
  •  
  • First of all, it was introduced by
  •  Professor SCRIMSHAW of, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTES OF TECHNOLOGY, IN 1967
  • British petroleum also started  production of SCP on a high scale  in 1950
  • PRETEEN  was the first single-cell protein produced from methylophilus methylotrophic  bacteria by methanol

  RAW MATERIAL USED FOR SINGLE-CELL PROTEIN

• Agriculture wastes
• Illumination time
• Pseudomonas
• fluorescence
• Temperature
• pH
• Suitable strains
• Suitable strain selection

Nucleases and salts by digesting cell wall