BACTERIA, FUNGI, VIRUSES MCQS WITHOUT ANSWERS 

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS(88) OF BIOLOGY WITHOUT ANSWERS 

• 1) Which of the following are spiral-shaped bacteria? A) Cocci.       C) Pseudomonas. B) Bacilli.      D) Vibrio. 
• 2) Which of the following is used for lowering blood cholesterol? A) Neurospora.      C) Aspergillus. 
• i. B)   Griseofulvin.    D) Lovastatin
• 3) Name the one involved in DNA replication. A) Cysts.       C) Ribosomes. B) Mesosomes.     D) Spores. 
• 4) Which of the following gives blue color with iodine?
• ● A) Starch.       C) Glycogen. B) Cellulose.      D) All of these. 
• 5) Herpes simplex is caused by __________ virus.
• ● A) Enveloped RNA.      C) Glycogen. B) RNA tumor.     D) Both B and C. 
• 6) Name the cyanobacteria which helps fix atmospheric nitrogen.
• ● A) Heterocysts.      C) Akinetes. B) Nostoc.      D) Hormogonia. 
• 7) Antibiotics act against: 
• ● A) Bacterial Diseases     C) Bacterial and Viral Diseases  B) Allergies      D) Viral Diseases 
• 8) Symptoms of Herpes Simplex is A) Abdominal Pain    
• ● C) Vesicular lesions in the epithelial layer  B) Fever      D) Failure of the immune system 
• 9) The major cell infected by HIV is: 
• ● A) Leucocyte      C) Helper T-lymphocyte  B) Monocyte      D) B-lymphocyte
• 10) Which of the following is an aerobic bacterium? 
• ● A) Spirochete      C) E. coli  B) Cyanobacteria     D) Pseudosomanas 
• 11) The giant amoebas inhabit mud at the bottom of freshwater ponds and obtain energy from: 
• 1. Microscopic bacteria  B) Aerobic bacteria     
• 2. Anaerobic bacteria  D) Methanogenic bacteria 
• 12) A large group of parasitic protozoa, some of which causes various diseases such as malaria to humans, are
• ● A) Aschelminthes     C) Annelida  B) Platyhelminthes     D) Arthropods 
• 13) Penicillin is obtained from A) Penicillium notatum    B) Aspergillus flavus     
• 1. C) Aspergillus fumigatus  D) Penicillium chrysogenum 
• 14) Which of the following components is less resistant to decay? 
• ● A) Lignin      C) Chitin  B) Starch      D) Cellulose 
• 15) __________ are bioindicators of air pollution. 
• ● A) Cyanobacteria     C) Mycorrhiza  B) Fungi      D) Lichens 
• 16) Which of the following proteins is common in man and aerobic bacteria?
• ● A) Haemoglobin      C) Cytochrome c B) Myoglobin       D) Pilin
• 17) In a prokaryotic cell, wall strengthening material is 
• ● A) Cellulose       C) Chitin B) Silica       D) Peptidoglycan 
• 18) The entire cell wall of bacteria is often regarded as a single huge molecule or molecular complex called A)Capsule        C) Slime capsule B) Secondary wall      D) Sacculus
• 19) Chemically, viruses are made up of A) Nucleic acid only      C) Nucleic acid and protein
• i. B) Protein only      D) Core and coat 
• 20) Widespread epidemic disease, influenza is caused by A) DNA virus       C) DNA enveloped virus 
• a. B) RNA enveloped virus     D) RNA virus 
• 21) When the division of cells is in three planes, the arrangement is known as 
• i. A) Diplococcus      C) Streptococcus B) Sarcina       D) Staphylococcus 
• 22) Bacterial ‘death rate’ is equal to ‘birth rate; in 
• ● A) Lag phase       C) Death phase B) Log phase       D) Stationary phase 
• 23) Trypanosoma is a human parasite causing A) African sleeping sickness 
• ● B) European sleeping sickness  C) Indonesian sleeping sickness) D) American sleeping sickness 
• 24) The feeding stage of slime mold is A) Gastrozoid       C) Plasmodium B) Sporozoite       D) Merozoite 
• 25) Drug obtained from fungus used for lowing blood cholesterol is
• ● A) Lovastatin       C) Ergotin B) Cyclosporin      D) Griseofulvin 
• 26) Fungi store surplus food in the form of A) Cellulose       C) Starch B) Glycogen       D) Both B and C 
• 27) The ecological role of fungi as decomposers is paralleled only by
• ● A) Prions       C) Bacteria B) Algae       D) Viruses
• 28) In an ecosystem, mycorrhiza is an example of
• ● A) Symbiosis       C) Commensalism B) Predation       D) Parasites
• 29) Which one of the following diseases caused by an enveloped RNA virus and spread in epidemic form?
• ● A) Influenza       C) Polio B) Herpes Simplex      D) Small Pox 
• 30) The structure which contains the gene for drug resistance bacteria are 
• ● A) Nucleoids       C) Chromatin Bodies B) Mesosomes      D) Plasmids 
• 31) Antibiotics that kill microbes immediately are called 
• ● A) Microbistatic      C) Biostatic B) Microbicidal      D) Chemotherapeutic
• 32) Which one of the following fungi causes vaginal thrush?
• ● A) Candida       C) Tortula B) Aspergillus      D) Penicillium
• 33) Which of the following contains a peptidoglycan cell wall? 
• ● A) Penicillium       C) Adiantum B) Bacterium       D) Polytrichum
• 34) In HIV viruses, reverse transcriptase converts single-stranded RNA into double-stranded viral DNA. This    process is called A) Translation      C) Replication B) Duplication      D) Reverse Transcriptase 
• 35) Mesosomes are infoldings of the cell membrane and are involved in
• ● A) DNA replication      C) Protein synthesis B) RNA synthesis      D) Metabolism 
• 36) Most widespread problem of the antibiotics misuse is the A) Rapid cure      C) Disturbance of metabolism B) Increased resistance in pathogen    D) Immunity 
• 37) Which of the following component is found in the cell wall of fungi?
• ● A) Cellulose       C) Proteins B) Chitin       D) Glycerol
• 38) Plants having foreign DNA incorporated into their cells are called:
• ● A) Clone plants      C) Parthenocarpic plants B) Transgenic plants      D) Mutant giants 
• 39) Treatment by using the attenuated culture of bacteria is called 
• ● A) Chemotherapy      C) Antisepsis B) Sterilization      D) Vaccination 
• 40) The major cause of hepatitis B is 
• ● A) Blood transfusion      C) Absence of fibrinogen B) Blood clotting      D) Contaminated soil
• 41) Peptidoglycan or murein is a special or distinctive feature of the cell wall in 
• ● A) Algae       C) Bacteria B) Fungi       D) Plants 
• 42) Which one of the following cells are mainly infected by HIV? 
• ● A) T-killer lymphocytes     C) B-plasma cells B) T-helper lymphocytes     D) B-memory cells 
• 43) Which one of the following antibiotic causes permanent discoloration of teeth in young children if it is misused? A) Penicillin       C) Sulfonamide B) Streptomycin      D) Tetracycline
• 
  
• 44) What are the sequence of steps in which a bacteriophage attacks bacteria and injects its DNA?
•  A)ADSORPTION,PENETRATION,REMOVEL,MULTIPLICATION
• B)MULTIPLICATION,REMOVEL,ADSORPTION,PENETRATION
• C)ADSORPTION,PENETRATION,MULTIPLICATION,REMOVEL
• D)PENETRATION,ADSORPTION,MULTIPLICATION,REMOVEL
•                              
• 45) Athlete’s Foot is a disease caused by A) Bacteria       C) Fungus B) Virus       D) Arthropod
• 46) AIDS is caused by A) Bacteria      C) Fungi B) Virus      D) Alga 
• 47) All viruses can reproduce within living organisms only, so they are known as:
• ● A) Ectoparasites     C) Obligatory Intracellular Parasites B) Endoparasites     D) Facultative Intracellular Parasites 
• 48) Many bacteria are motile due to the presence of A) Flagella       C) Cilia B) Pilli      D) Microtubules 
• 49) _________ is an invagination of cell membrane which helps in cell division. 
• ● A) Fimbriae       C) Mesosome B) Nucleoid       D) Endospore 
• 50) Cilia and flagella are absent in: a)Viruses c)Higher plants b)Bacteria d)Lower animals
• 51) DNA molecule in prokaryotes is:
• ● a)Single, circular, a double-stranded molecule not bound by a membrane
• ● b)Double, circular molecule
• ● c)Linear double-stranded molecule
• ● d)Single, circular, double-stranded,membrane-bound
• 52) Nucleoid is a structure not found in:
• ● a)Campylobacter c)Spirochete b)Cyanobacteria d)Goblet cells
• 53) Cell wall structure of a cell of unknown origin was studied and was found to contain a polysaccharide chain linked with short chains of amino acid. What do u think it can be??
• ● a)Bacteria c)Algae b)Fungi Cell d)Cortex cells
• 54) Ribosomes present in prokaryotes are: a)80S c)50S b)60S d)70S
• 55) Functionally mesosomes can be compared with:
• ● a)Ribosomes c)Polysomes b)Mitochondria d)Golgi bodies
• 56) Students were asked to give a guess about a unicellular organism with a darkly stained nucleus..W.O.F   can be straight away excluded from the list:
• ● a)Paramecium c)Plasmodium b)Amoeba d)Lactobacillus
• 57) Binary fission is a characteristic cell division NOT found in:
• ● a)Pseudomonas c)Euglena b)Campylobacter d)E.coli
• 58) _________ is the yeast that grows in the mucous membrane of the mouth or vagina. 
• ● A) Candida albicans     C) Aspergillus fumigatus 
• ● B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae     D) Aspergillus flavus 
• 59) W.O.F is a non-cellular infectious entity:
• ● a)Mycoplasma c)Herpesvirus b)Escherichiacoli d)Diplococcus
• 60) The viruses can reproduce:
• ● a)Without invading any cell c)By mitosis b)In bacterial cell d)By meiosis
• 61) The life cycle in which the phage kills the bacteria is known as a)Transduction c)Lytic cycle
• i. b)Temperate phage cycle d)Lysogenic phage cycle
• 62) In W.O.F shapes, gut living symbiont Escherichia coli is found:
• i. a)Round c)Spiral b)Oval d)Rod
• 63) Chitin, a chemical found in the exoskeleton of arthropods is also found in the cell wall of:
• ● a)Bacteria c)Cyanobacteria b)Fungi d)Algae
• 64) ENCIRCLE THE NAME OF COMPOUND FOUND IN BOTH TYPES(GRAM + AND - ) BACTERIA
• ● A)An outer membrane B)Peptidoglycan C)Techoic acid D)Lipopolysaccharides
• 65) Bacterial membrane differs from the eukaryotic membrane in A)Lacking protein
• ● B)Lacking lipids C)Lacking polysaccharides D)Lacking sterol i.e. cholesterol
• 66) One of the following has flagella rarely 
• ● A)Diplobacilli B)Spiral C)Cocci D)All of above
• 67) Plasmid is Choose an answer
• ● A)Essential for bacterial growth and metabolism
• ● B)Drug-resistant having the disease and insect resistant gene
• ● C)Essential for bacterial growth only
• ● D)All of the above
• 68) Bacterial membrane also contains an enzyme for 
• ● A)Respiration B)Photosynthesis C)Protein synthesis D)None of the above
• 69) Pasteur's main achievements are the development of vaccines for diseases 
• ● A)Cholera, rabies only B)Anthrax, rabies only
• ● C)Anthrax, fowl cholera and rabies D)None of the above
• 70) Conjugation is facilitated by A)Capsule B)Pili C)Flagella D)Both pili and flagella
• 71) Greater pathogenicity to bacteria and protection against phagocytosis is provided by 
• ● A)Capsule B)Slime C)Cell wall D)Mesosomes
• 72) When flagella surround the whole cell, the condition is called 
• ● A)Peritrichous B)Atrichous C)Amphitrichous D)None of the above
• 73) Which of the following is not found in all bacteria is 
• ● A)Cell membrane B)A nucleoid C)Flygella D)None of these
• 74) Which of the following is a primary bacterial cell wall function 
• A)Transport B)Support C)Motility D)Adhesion
• 75) Bacterial  endospores function in A)Reproduction B)Protein synthesis C)Survival  D)Stronge
• 76) The major locomotory structures in bacteria are 
• A)Flagella B)Pili C)Both a and b D)None of these
•    77)Which of the following structure appear s in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
• A)nucleus B)mitochondria C)ribosomes D) chloroplast
•   78)Prokarkotes includes which of the following group of organism
• A)bacteria and virus B)bacteria and fungi C)bacteria ,archaea and fungi bacteria,archaea
• 79)Which of the following bacteria are you most likely to find growing in a very hot salty spring
• A)halophiles and thermophiles B)thermophiles and methanogens
• C)anoxenogenic species in the super kindom bacteria D)thermophiles and salmonella
• 80)Which of the following is incorrect?chemiautotrophs
• A)include nitrifying, sulfur, and iron-oxidizing bacteria
• B)live in an inorganic material  for their source of carbon and energy
• C) is important in the recycling of elements in the ecosystem
• D)are similar to autotrophic plants in the way that they use light energy
• 81)Which of the following is common in viruses and all prokaryotes
• A)a cell wall B)a parasitic way of life C)nucleic acid D)ribosomes for protein synthesis
• 82)A bacteriophage is :
• A) A bacterium that attacks virus B)a virus that infects bacteria
• C)the infectious stage of virus D) viral infection of plant
• 83)HIV is: A)a herpes virus B)the largest known animal virus C)Epstein-bar virus D)a retrovirus
• 84)Which of the following is incorrect? a virion is
• A)a metabolically inert stage of virus B)is the transmission of the phase of the virus
• C) contains the genome packed in a protective coat D)is noninfective
• 85) Mushroom caps are fruiting bodies of
• A)Zygomycota B)Ascomycota C)Basidiomycota D)deuteromycota
• 86) The most common fungal component of lichen is
• A)Zygomycota B) Ascomycota C)Basidiomycota D)deuteromycota
• 87 )Fungi are most closely related to
• A)slime molds , B)plants C)brown algae D)animals
• 88) Ascomucota life cycle includes
• A)formation of haploid ascocarp  within ascus B)alternating generation of haploid and diploid hyphae
• C)formation of resting sporangia D)coenocytic hyphae