ECOSYSTEM, REPRODUCTION, SUPPORT, AND MOVEMENT Macq's Past Paper BIOLOGY

ECOSYSTEM, REPRODUCTION, SUPPORT, AND MOVEMENT Macq's Past Paper BIOLOGY


1. Syphilis is caused by A) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.     C) Treponema pallidum. B) Cats worm.      D) Herpes simplex.

2.   In general, asexual reproduction is common in A) Humans.       C) Deuteromycota. B) Basidiomycota.     D) Basidiospores.

3.   Which of the following belong to collenchyma cells? A) Fibers.       C) Sclereides. B) Vessels.      D) None of these.

4.   Pick the paratonic movement from the following A) Nastic.       C) Growth. B) Turgor.      D) Tactic.

5.   Which of the following has 40 chromosomes? A) Corn.       C) Frog. B) Sugarcane.      D) Mouse.

6.   Which of the following promotes both leaf and fruit growths? A) Auxins.       C) Abscisic acid. B) Gibberellins.     D) Ethane.

7.   In __________ zone the light is insufficient to support photosynthesis. A) Desert.       C) Littoral. B) Profundal.      D) All of these.

8.   The joints that allow movements in several directions are:  A) Hinge Joints     C) Fibrous Joints  B) Ball and Socket Joints    D) Cartilaginous Joints

9.   The collagen fibers of bone are hardened by the deposit of:  A) Calcium phosphate     C) Calcium carbonate  B) Calcium oxalate     D) Calcium bicarbonate

10. Newborn infant may acquire serious eye infections if his/her mother has:  A) Genital herpes     C) Gonorrhea  B) AIDS      D) Syphilis

11. The muscles that control urine in the bladder are known as A) Striated muscles      C) Sphincter muscles B) Smooth muscles      D) Circular muscles

12. The living cells of cartilage are called A) Chondrocytes      C) Osteocytes B) Osteoblasts      D) Osteoclasts

13. The disease which causes immobility and fusion of vertebral joints is A) Osteomalacia (soft bones)     C) Arthritis B) Disc slip       D) Spondylosis

14. During muscle contraction A) I-band shortens      C) Actin filaments shorten B) Myosin filaments shorten     D) Z-line disappears

15. Group of interbreeding individuals of particular species, sharing a common geographical area is called: A) Population       C) Community B) Community ecology     D) Autecology

16. Ozone filters ultraviolet radiations from the sun in the upper A) Biosphere       C) Lithosphere B) Atmosphere      D) Hydrosphere

17. A parasite living inside the body of the host is called A) Ectoparasite      C) Facultative parasite B) Obligate parasite      D) Endoparasite

18. An association between two organisms benefiting both is called A) Commensalism      C) Predation B) Parasitism       D) Symbiosis

19. In an aquatic ecosystem, human activities may accelerate the process of A) Eutrophication      C) Decomposition B) Photosynthesis      D) Recycling

20. The natural heat energy trapped underground is A) Geothermal energy     C) Electric energy B) Thermal energy      D) Solar energy

21. Which of the following is the lowest level of biological organization with respect to others? A) Multicellular organisms     C) Species B) Biosphere       D) Population

22. Which one of the following is depleting and causing thinning of ozone? A) Chlorine       C) Chlorofluorocarbon B) Bromine       D) Carbon

23. The typical environment of a particular organism population community is called A) Niche       C) Habitat B) Ecosystem       D) Biosphere

24. Enrichment of nutrient in an environment due to anthropogenic activities is called A) Archeotrophication      C) Enrichment B) Eutrophication     D) Low Trophication

25. In an ecosystem, mycorrhiza is an example of A) Symbiosis       C) Commensalism B) Predation       D) Parasitism

26. Successive stages of eating and being eaten by which recycling of materials and flow of energy takes place is called A) Food Chain      C) Trophic Level B) Food Web       D) Food Link

27. A type of cell in human testes which produce testosterone is called A) Interstitial Cells      C) Sertoli Cells B) Germ Cells      D) Spermatocytes

28. Breakdown of endometrium during menstruation is due to A) an increase in Level of LH     C) an increase in Level of Progesterone B) The decrease in Level of Progesterone    D) Increase in Level of Oestrogen

29. Oogonia are produced in the germ cells A) Both Uterus and Cervix     C) Uterus B) Cervix       D) Ovary

      30.what is the main function of leutinizing hormone A)Development of Zygote      C)Breakdown of Oocyte 

31.Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease which is caused by A) HIV / AIDS      C) Treponema Pallidum B) Pseudomonas Pyogenes     D) Neisseria

32. Muscle is made up of many cells which are referred to as A,) Myofilaments      C) Sarcolemma B) Myofibrils       D) Muscles Fiber

33. The length of myofibril from one Z-band to the next is known as A) Sarcomere      C) Sarcoplasm B) Sarcolemma      D) Muscle Fiber

34. Calcium ions released during a muscle fiber contraction attach with A) Myosin       C) Tropomyosin B) Actin       D) Troponin

35. A muscle condition resulting from the accumulation of lactic acid and ionic imbalance is A) Tetany       C) Cramp B) Muscle Fatigue      D) Tetanus

36. The pigment which stores oxygen in muscles is A) Hemoglobin      C) Myosin B) Myoglobin      D) Actinomyosin

37. The number of cranial nerves in human is A) 31 pairs       C) 24 pairs B) 12 pairs       D) 62 pairs

38. The part of the brain which controls breathing, heart rate, and swallowing is A) Cerebrum       C) Medulla B) Cerebellum      D) Hypothalamus

39. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease which is caused by A) Neisseria gonorrhoeae     C) Treponema pallidum B) E. coli       D) Mycobacterium avium

40. Discharge of ovum or secondary oocyte from the ovary or from Graafian follicle is called A) Fertilization      C) Follicle formation B) Pollination       D) Ovulation

41. Second meiotic division in the secondary oocyte proceeds as far as A) Metaphase      C) Anaphase B) Prophase       D) Telophase 

42. Which one of the following differentiates directly into mature sperm? A) Primary spermatocyte     C) Spermatogonia B) Secondary spermatocyte     D) Spermatid

43. Uterus opens into the vagina through A) Cervix       C) External genitalia B) Fallopian tube      D) Vulva

44. Each muscle fiber is surrounded by a membrane which is called A) Sarcomere      C) Twitch fiber B) Sarcolemma      D) Capsule

45. When calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum they bind with ________ during muscle contraction A) Tropomyosin      C) Cytosol’s ions B) Sarcolemma      D) Troponin

46. Human and the mammalian skeleton can be divided into two parts, axial skeleton, and A) Appendicular skeleton     C) Endoskeleton B) Exoskeleton      D) Hydrostatic skeleton

47. Last four vertebrae in humans are fused to form a structure called A) Sacrum       C) Pubis B) Cervical vertebrae      D) Coccyx

48. How many bones are involved in the formation of each half of the pelvic girdle? A) 3 bones       C) 2 bones B) 4 bones       D) 1 bone

49. Population of different species (plants and animals) living in the same habitat form A) Community      C) Biosphere B) Ecosystem       D) Microhabitat

50. Spermatogonia differentiate directly into? A) Primary spermatocytes     C) Spermatozoa B) Secondary spermatocytes     D) Spermatids

51. Treponema palladium causes? A) AIDS       C) Syphilis B) Genital herpes      D) Gonorrhea

52. What is the location of interstitial cells in testes? A) Inside the seminiferous tubules    C) Among the germinal epithelial cells B) Between the seminiferous tubules    D) Around the testes

53. A type of cells in human testes which produce testosterone are called? A) Germ cells       C) Interstitial cells B) Sertoli cells      D) Spermatocytes

54. The hormone produced from corpus luteum is: A) Prolactin       C) Progesterone B) FSH       D) LH

55. The length of myofibril from one Z-band to the next is described as: A) Sarcolemma      C) Sarcomere B) Sarcoplasm      D) Muscle fiber

56. The Ca++ ions released during a muscle fiber contraction attach with: A) Myosin       C) Troponin B) Actin       D) Tropomyosin

57. The joint that allows the movement in several directions is called: A) Hinge joint      C) Cartilaginous joint B) Ball and Socket joint     D) Fibrous joint

58. Where can we find the H zone in the figure of the fine structure of skeletal muscle's myofibril? A)In I-band     C) Along the I-band  B) In the mid of A band        D) Besides the Z-line

59. First vertebra of the cervical region of the vertebral column is known as: A) Atlas       C) Thoracic B) Sacral       D) Axis

60. Testosterone is produced by which one of the following? A) Spermatogonia    C)Germinal epithelium    B)Interstitial cells    D)  Sertoli cells  

61. The oocyte released during ovulation is in A) Anaphase I      C) Metaphase I B) Prophase I      D) Metaphase II

62. Yellowish glandular structure formed after the release of egg from follicle is called A) Corpus callosum      C) Corpus luteum B) Graafian follicle      D) Follicle atresia

63. On puberty, the development of primary follicles is stimulated by A) ICSH       C) LH B) FSH       D) Estrogen

64. Causative agent of a sexually transmitted disease that affects the mucous membrane of the urinogenital tract is A) Staphylococcus aureus     C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae B) Treponema pallidum     D) Escherichia coli

65. In a human vertebral column, the number of ______________ vertebrae is 7. A) Cervical       C) Lumber B) Thoracic       D) Sacrum

66. Which one of the following structures holds the bones together? A) Joints       C) Fibrous capsules B) Cartilages       D) Ligaments

67. Which one of the following cartilages is the most abundant in the human body? A)Hyaline Cartilage       C)Chondrus cartilage B)   Fibrous Cartilage   D) Elastic cartilage

68. The repeated protein pattern of myofibrils is called A) Sarcomere      C) Sarcolemma B) Zyomere       D) Cross bridges

69. When more energy is required in muscle contraction then that energy can also be produced by _______________ as a secondary source. A) Glucose       C) Fructose B) Phosphocreatine      D) Lactic acid

70. Individual successions are known as A) Primary successions     C) Seres B) Secondary successions     D) Xeroses

1.      Which one of the following is the ultimate distributional unit within which a species is restrained by the limitations of its physical structure and physiology? A) Niche       B) Biome C) Ecosystem       D) Habitat

2.      All herbivores belong to which trophic level in the food chain? A) T1       C) T3 B) T2       D) T4

 

3.      The relationship in which one organism gets the benefit and the other is not affected is called A) Mutualism       C) Predation B) Commensalism      D) Parasitism

4.      During successions, the first organisms that develop on the bare rock are A) Lichens      C) Moss  B) Shrubs      D) Herbs

5.      In human testis, which structure is responsible for carrying sperm from inside the testis?  A) Seminiferous tubules    C) Seminal Vesicles  B) Urinogenital duct     D) Vasa efferentia

6.      In which part of the female reproductive system fertilization takes place?  A) Proximal part of oviduct    C) Placenta  B) Uterus      D) Vagina

7.      In females, FSH stimulates the ovary to produce:  A) Progesterone     C) Oestrogen  B) Lactin      D) Oxytocin

8.      Syphilis, the sexually transmitted disease is caused by:  A) HIV      C) Neisseria gonorrhea  B) Treponema pallidum    D) Type ‘2’ virus

9.      In which phase of the human female menstrual cycle, the endometrium prepares for the implantation of the embryo?  A) Proliferative phase    C) Secretory phase  B) Menstrual phase     D) Ovulation phase

10.  The total number of cervical and thoracic vertebrate in the human vertebral column is A) 7       C) 14  B) 19      D) 33

11.  A sarcomere is the region of a myofibril between two successive:  A) M-lines      C) I-bands  B) Z-lines      D) T-tubules

12.  The sarcolemma of muscle fiber folds inwards and forms a system of tubes which runs through the sarcoplasm called:  A) Myofilaments     C) Z-lines  B) Sarcoplasmic reticulum    D) Transverse tubules

13.  According to sliding filament theory, when muscle fibers are stimulated by the nervous system, which of the following changes occurs?  A) I-bands shorten     C) Z-lines move further apart  B) H-zone becomes more visible   D) A-bands shorten

14.  If lactic acid builds up in thigh muscles, it causes muscle tiredness and pain. This condition is called:  A) Muscle Fatigue     C) Cramps  B) Tetany      D) Oxygen debt in muscles

15.  Events of the menstrual cycle are regulated by the: A) Ethylene      C) Auxins B) Gonadotrophins     D) Gibberellins  

16.  Decrease of FSH and increase of estrogen cause the pituitary gland to secrete: A) Somatotropin     C) Testosterone B) Luteinizing Hormone    D) Spermatogonium

17.  Transmission of Neisseria gonorrhea is best described by which one of the following? A) Oro-fecal Route     C) Vector-Borne B) Unsafe Sex      D) Droplet Infection 

18.  Syphilis is caused by A) Spirochete      C) Water blooms B) Nostoc      D) Cyanobacteria

19.  AIDS is caused by A) Bacteria      C) Fungi B) Virus      D) Alga

20.  Brain is protected and enclosed in A) Lumbar vertebrae     C) Vertebral column B) Coccyx      D) Cranium

21.  Longest bone in the human skeleton is: A) Ulna      C) Tibia B) Fibula      D) Femur

22.  Hips and shoulder joints are examples of A) Hinge Joints     C) Synovial Joints B) Ball and Socket Joints    D) Cartilaginous Joints

23.  In the pelvic region of the human body, the sacrum is formed by the fusion of A) 4 Vertebrae      C) 6 Vertebrae B) 5 Vertebrae     D) 3 Vertebrae

24.  Each muscle fiber is surrounded by a modified cell membrane called: A) Sarcolemma     C) Myosin Filament B) Sarcomere       D) Myofilament

25.  The organisms of third trophic level are A) Primary consumer     C) Tertiary consumer B) Primary producer     D) Secondary consumer

26.  The ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem is A) Photosynthesis     C) Plants B) Sun      D) Water

27.  All the food chains and food webs begin with: A) Detritus      C) Green plants  B) Herbivores      D) Omnivores

28.  The change from bare rock or open area is rapid, especially in the initial stages, and follows a series of recognizable and hence predictable stages. This process is called: A) Pioneers      C) Succession B) Xerosere       D) Secondary succession

29.  The decline in the thickness of the ozone layer is caused by A) Increasing level of nitrogen oxide   C) Decreasing level of CFCs  B) Decreasing level of O2    D) Increasing level of CFCs

30.  Placenta passes out through the vagina    a)10-20 minutes after birth     b)10-15 minutes after birth     c)10-30 minutes after birth       d)10-45 minutes after birth

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